we present conceptual framework on influence of three major factors on frequency and length of trips made by walking and cycling. These factors are “land use planning”, “socio-economic and demographic” and “new technologies and mobility trends”.

This conceptual framework is the result of reviewing various studies.

Different and sometimes contrary conclusions were drawn on different studies on strength of impact of each factor. In general, we realised it is hard to say any of these factors has a definite influence on use of walking and cycling. Difference in research methodology, geographic area and its characteristics and inclusion or controlling for a number of variables are some reasons for this. Furthermore, whenever it was possible, we underlined relationship between couple of influencing factors and impact of them on use of walking and cycling in cases they were taken into account in a single study. Our conceptual framework is designed considering all of these.

At the end, we refer to our limitations and further research worth doing in this area.